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3 min read · week 4

Thai sentences start with what you are talking about

Why do Thai sentences seem to be in the wrong order?

The basic order is subject-verb-object, like English. But Thai will happily lift whatever the sentence is about to the front and comment on it afterwards. This is not a stylistic flourish: it is the ordinary way to build a sentence.

This is why a sentence can look as though it has no subject, or two of them. It has a topic, and then something said about it.

  • อาหารไทยอร่อยʔaː.hǎːn tʰaj ʔà.rɔ̀j

    Thai food is delicious

    Topic: Thai food. Comment: delicious. No verb 'to be': อร่อย already means 'to be delicious'.

There is no verb 'to be' before an adjective

อร่อย does not mean 'delicious', it means 'to be delicious'. Thai adjectives are stative verbs, so inserting เป็น to translate 'is' produces something ungrammatical.

This trips up every European learner in the first month, and it is the single easiest error to stop making once you have seen why it happens.